Term overview
| Mathematical representation | Name in english | Name in latvian | |
| Read as... | |||
| 1. General terms | |||
| 1.1. Absolute basics | |||
| a + b = c | Addition (plus) | Saskaitīšana (pluss) | |
| a - b = c | Subtraction | Atņemšana | |
| a × b = c | Multiplication | Reizināšana | |
| a ÷ b = c | Division (a- dividend, b- divisor) | Dalīšana (a- skaitītājs, b- saucējs) | |
| an = a × a × a × ... × a | Power | Kāpināšana | |
| A raised to the power n / a raised to the nth power...; A pakāpē n... |
|||
| n√a = b | Root | Sakne | |
| Read as... | |||
| logab = c | Logarithm | Logaritms | |
| Logarithm of b to base a is c; Skaitļa b logaritms pie bāzes a ir c |
|||
| 1.2. Sets | |||
| 1.2.1. Basic definitions | |||
| A set of elements: A, B, C, X, Y, R... | Set | Kopa | |
| Elements of a set: a, b, c, x, y... | Elements, also members | Elementi | |
| a ∈ A | Element a belongs to A or is in A | Elements a pieder kopai A | |
| b ∉ A or b ⋶ A | b is not in A | b nepieder kopai A | |
| ∅ | Empty set | Tukša kopa | |
| Finite set | A set with an element count such that can be expressed with a certain natural number n | Galīga kopa- kopa, kuras elementu skaitu var izteikt ar noteiktu naturālu skaitli n | |
| Infinite set | A set with an element count such that cannot be expressed with natural numbers | Bezgalīga kopa- kopa, kuras elementu skaits ir lielāks nekā jebkurš naturāls skaitlis | |
| Not a complete entry | |||
| 1.1.2. Number sets | |||
| ℕ (ex. 1, 5, 9) | Natural numbers | Naturālo skaitļu kopa | |
| Whole numbers above, and possibly excluding, 0 | |||
| ℤ (ex. 0, -1, 3) | Integers | Veselo skaitļu kopa | |
| Whole numbers above, below, and including 0 |
|||
| ℚ (ex. (1/8), 3.1515... | Rational numbers | Racionālo skaitļu kopa | |
| Numbers that can be expressed as a ratio of integers | |||
| Ex. √2 = 1.4142135... | Irrational numbers | Irracionāli skaitļi | |
| A number that cannot be expressed as a ratio of integers, non-periodic decimal number sequence; Skaitlis, kuru nevar izteikt ar daļskaitli, bezgalīgi neperiodiski decimāldaļskaitļi |
|||
| ℝ | Real numbers | Reālo skaitļu kopa | |
| Combination of rational and irrational number sets | |||
| ℂ (ex. z = a+bi, where a∈R, b∈R, i=√-1, i2=-1) | Complex numbers | Komplekso skaitļu kopa | |
| ℕ ⊂ ℤ ⊂ ℚ ⊂ ℝ ⊂ ℂ | |||
| 1.3. Trigonometry | |||
| 1.3.1. Angles | |||
| 0° | Zero angle | - | |
| <90° | Acute angle | Šaurleņķis | |
| 90° | Right angle | Taisnleņķis | |
| >90° and <180° | Obtuse angle | Platleņķis | |
| 180° | Straight angle | Izstiepts leņķis | |
| >180° and <360° | Reflex angle | Atvērtais leņķis | |
| 360° | Full angle | Pilnais leņķis | |
| 1.4. Geometry | |||
| 1.4.1. Circles | |||
| ⌒AB (length denoted by s) | Arc | Loks | |
| 2. Calculus | |||
| 2.1. Fundamentals | |||
| 2.1.1. Limits | |||
| lim (n -> ∞) xn = a | Limit | Robeža | |
| The limit as n approaches infinity of x equals a; Lim n tiecās uz bezgalību (no kreisās puses) no xn vienāds ar a (no lielākiem tiecoties uz mazākiem lasa "no labās puses") |
|||
| Convergent sequence | - | Konverģenta virkne | |
| The sequence converges to some limit; Virknei eksistē galīga robeža |
|||
| Divergent sequence | - | Diverģenta virkne | |
| The sequence does not converge; Virknei neeksistē galīga robeža |
|||
| 2.1.2. Differentiation | |||
| Read as... | |||
| 2.1.3. Integrals | |||
| ∫ | Integral | Integrālis | |
| Read as... | |||
Notes
- English translations are presently being winged, largely basing on Wikipedia and other sources. Will update them once a concrete source is found.
Sources
1. Siliņa, B., Šteiners, K. Rokasgrāmata matemātikā. Apgāds Zvaigzne ABC; 2006